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*Body architecture: hybrid traction 3-door, 4-seat *Wheelbase, front and rear track: 2200, 1270, 1268

.... The [[center of gravity]] of the [[engine]] itself is actually past the rear axle. This is not to be confused with the center of gravity of the whole v Rear engined cars are almost always [[rear wheel drive]], a layout known as [[RR layout|RR]]. The exception is certain

...r, the [[center of gravity]] of the [[engine]] itself is actually past the rear axle. This is not to be confused with the center of gravity of the vehicle ...rs with the front wheels, it is better for the engine to be located in the rear of the car - either a RR or MR design.

...ent of an [[automobile]] [[internal-combustion engine|engine]] between the rear and front axles. Another term for this is mid-ship, though that term is us ...arried by all the wheels with this layout. As a result, vehicle stability, traction, and ride quality are naturally improved when turning, braking, and acceler

...ven (powered) wheels in [[drag racing]], where the only concern is maximum traction to put power to the ground. ...es are designed to remove water from the contact area, thereby maintaining traction even in wet conditions.

...under acceleration unloads the front wheels and reduces grip. Electronic traction control can avoid wheelspin but largely negates the benefit of extra power. ...Citroën Traction Avant]], [[Saab 92]] and the [[Mini]]. In the 1980s, the traction and packaging advantages of this layout caused many compact and mid-sized v

...que, as a [[motorcycle]] rider approaches a turn they apply both front and rear brakes as necessary to reduce speed. Then as they enter the turn, they part This will give more traction as the front [[tire]] is forced into the [[Pavement (material)|pavement]].

...the front of the vehicle, but the [[MR layout|mid engine]] and [[RR layout|rear engine]] layouts are also used. ...the rear axles. Some [[FR layout]] vehicles place the transmission at the rear, though most attach it to the engine at the front.

...le size, the Spider is 20 mm shorter than the Brera Coupé due to a shorter rear overhang. ...an 260 bhp, and 335 Nm of torque. An all-wheel-drive traction system, with rear bias, coupled to a 6-speed gearbox completes the driveline. The prototype i

...ansmission]]'': tree with [[cardan joint|joints]] [[rear traction|traction rear wheel]] [[clutch (mechanical)|clutch]] Multi bath oil; exchange (box in [[a ...) acting on the transmission and brakes handmade (mechanical) agent on the rear wheels

...ne marked with green dots. If the vehicle oversteers, the rear wheels lose traction and the vehicle tends to follow the red dotted line.]] ...bile]] which is attempting to turn. The car is said to oversteer when the rear wheels do not track behind the front wheels but instead slide out toward th

...decades were positioned [[longitudinal engine|longitudinal]]ly instead. [[Rear-wheel drive]] was the traditional standard while [[four-wheel drive]] is al The first successful models were the 1934 [[Citroën Traction Avant|Traction Avant]] cars from [[Citroën]] in Europe, and the contemporary [[Cord 810|8

* Unequal traction forces due to road surface (µ-Split) in combination with Kingpin Offset ...uce the amount torque from the front axle by passing part of torque to the rear axle. This is achieved on [[all-wheel-drive]] (AWD) vehicles with full-time

...here the [[engine]] is in the front of the vehicle and drive wheels at the rear. This was the traditional automobile layout for most of the 20th century. ...han about 200bhp, as the weight transference during acceleration loads the rear wheels and increases grip.

...ront wheels' [[Axis_of_rotation|rotational axis]] relative to the body and rear wheels. ...efore support heavy loads. Straight axles are used on [[train]]s, for the rear axles of commercial [[truck]]s, and on heavy duty [[off-road]] vehicles. T

...tire and the road surface, thereby increasing traction. This increase in traction allows a vehicle in motion to brake, turn, and accelerate more aggressively ...tic or metal attached to the very back of the roof, usually just above the rear window.

...[[1970]]. Based on the [[Fiat]], it was a multi-purpose car powered by a rear-mounted 499 cc two-cylinder in-line [[engine]]. The engine, located in the rear, a inline cylinder air-cooled with an engine capacity of 499.5 cc, with sid

...e power and torque, redesigned wheels, lighter headlights, the addition of traction control and lighter fairings on the S model and few minor paint changes. An ! Rear suspension

|Power || 150 hp<br>136.5 hp (rear wheel at 9,200&nbsp;rpm |Torque || 87.5 lbft<br>85.0 lbft (rear wheel at 7,700&nbsp;rpm

...marked with green dots. If the vehicle understeers, the front wheels lose traction and the vehicle tends to follow the red dotted line.''']] As with oversteer, understeer has a variety of sources such as mechanical traction, aerodynamics and suspension.

...decades were positioned [[longitudinal engine|longitudinal]]ly instead. [[Rear wheel drive]] was the traditional standard while [[four wheel drive]] is al ...s. The first successful models were the [[1934]] [[Citroën Traction Avant|Traction Avant]] cars from [[Citroën]] in Europe, and the contemporary [[Cord 810|8

[[Image:Transmission diagram.JPG|thumb|The differential on the rear [[axle]] of a car]] The following description of a differential applies to a "traditional" rear-wheel-drive car or truck:

*Rear Suspension: Independent pushrod activated torsion spring *Rear Track: 1405mm

...mborghini Murciélago]] is a 4WD/AWD that powers the front via a VCU if the rear slips.]] ...001.jpg|thumb|right|224px|The AWD [[VW Golf]] is a 4WD/AWD that powers the rear via a multi-plate clutch if the front slips.]]

...e wheel and the vertical axis of the vehicle when viewed from the front or rear. It is used in the design of [[steering]] and [[suspension (vehicle)|suspen ...other hand, for maximum straight-line acceleration, obviously the greatest traction will be attained when the camber angle is zero and the tread is flat on the

*''[[transmission]]'': Tree with [[cardan joint|joints]], traction on the rear wheels, dry clutch multidisc, [[change(mechanical)|exchange]] ( box in alum ...he transmission and [[parking brake|brake hand]] (mechanical) agent on the rear wheels

...some to be the "classic" layout for sports cars. The lighter rear-end and rear drive increases the ability of a car to "[[Drift_racing|drift]]" around cor ...towards the centre of the chassis, close behind the driver, and powers the rear wheels.

...rs using the MF layout include the [[Cord Automobile|Cord 810]], [[Citroën Traction Avant]], [[Citroën DS]], [[Renault 4]], [[Saab Sonett]] mk1, and the [[Cit ...t place the engine and [[transaxle]] behind the driver and in front of the rear axles {{Fact|date=March 2009}}, as in the [[Lamborghini Countach]] or [[Fer

...ups which place the stiffer springs at the front of the car for superior [[Traction (engineering)|mechanical grip]], that is grip via the [[vehicle suspension]

...if|right|thumb|170px|'''Multi-link rear suspension of the 5-link type:<br> Rear View''']] [[Image:5linkM3Dtop.gif||right|thumb|170px|'''Multi-link rear suspension of the 5-link type:<br> Top View''']]

...ombined with high unsprung mass can lead to severe wheel hop, compromising traction and steering control. ...g weight by connecting them directly to the body (as in a [[de Dion tube]] rear suspension). Lightweight materials, such as [[aluminum]], [[plastic]], [[ca

...mborghini Murciélago]] is a 4WD/AWD that powers the front via a VCU if the rear slips.]] ...001.jpg|thumb|right|224px|The AWD [[VW Golf]] is a 4WD/AWD that powers the rear via a multi-plate clutch if the front slips.]] -->

...Fixing the camber of both wheels at zero degrees assists in obtaining good traction from wide tires and also tends to reduce wheel hop under high power operati # Compared to a fully independent rear suspension the ability to refine the dynamic response of the vehicle is som

[[Image:Suicide door.jpg|thumb|250px|Rear suicide door on a 1967 [[Ford Thunderbird]]]] ...[[door]]s that are [[hinge]]d on the trailing edge; the edge closer to the rear of the vehicle. The term reflects a perceived increased danger of the door

*Traction: Integral 4WD ...005 we had the final evolution: Chevrolet 8 cylinders (modified), integral traction.

[[Image:1954 Citroen 15CVH.JPG|right|thumb|230px| 1954 [[Citroën Traction Avant]] 15CVH - high position]] ...system in [[1954]] on the rear suspension of the [[Citroën Traction Avant|Traction Avant]]. The first full implementation was in the advanced [[Citroën DS|D

The '''Ferrari 348''' is a [[RMR layout|mid-engined, rear wheel drive]] [[V8]]-powered 2-seat [[sports car]], replacing the [[Ferrari ...re shipped with dual-computer, double-redundant Anti-Lock Braking systems. Traction Control and Launch Control are 348 aftermarket options available through Ge

...(plowing) or [[oversteer]] (fishtailing). ESC also integrates all-speed [[traction control]], which senses drive-wheel slip under acceleration and individuall ESC combines [[anti-lock brakes]], traction control and yaw control (yaw is spin around a vertical axis).

...ief [[Alejandro de Tomaso]] and his design staff in [[1976]]. This was a [[rear wheel drive]] car, powered by a large V8 engine. It was important to de Tom ...0.31 [[coefficient of drag|cd]]), and featured Gandini's trademark angular rear wheel arch.

The front-engine, rear wheel drive layout ([[FR layout]] for short) is common among sports cars of ...he centre of the chassis, which is close behind the driver, and powers the rear wheels only. This layout is preferred by high performance sports car and su

...s used all round independent torsion bar suspension, along with air cooled rear engines. Also in the 1930s, prototypes of the first [[Volkswagen Beetle]] i ...used torsion bars at both front and rear, and interconnected the front and rear systems to improve ride quality. The most famous American passenger-car app

...ng on driving and road conditions, in order to insure maximum movement and traction in any context. The self-locking differential, combined with the high wishb ...ntuate the stylish dynamism of the car. Under the indicator lights and the rear door, the “Ducati Corse” logo is framed in chrome and embossed as serig

...r wheel can still transfer the full torque. This results in unusually good traction characteristics, which were also a reason for successes of the DAFs in [[ra

...ced monocoque vehicle in [[1934]], the innovative [[Citroën Traction Avant|Traction Avant]]. The popular [[Volkswagen Beetle]] also used a semi-monocoque body Monocoque design is so sophisticated that windshield and rear window glass now often make an important contribution to the designed struc

...out || [[Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive layout|Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive]] The '''Ferrari 458 Italia''' is a [[rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive layout|mid-engined]] [[sports car]] produced by the Italian spo

...r will be available with a traditional rear-wheel-drive layout, whilst the traction control system can also be disengaged.

...e. This forces the front of the bike lower (and likewise, accelerating the rear wheel causes the front of the bike to rise), allowing the rider to force th ...turns visibly at the edge of traction (as indicated by a sliding, spinning rear tire throwing dirt at all behind it), and the effort of riders clearly visi

...ng, the new car was very hard to master, though, due to the [[swing axle]] rear [[suspension (vehicle)|suspension]] design initially adopted by Porsche (re

...der children. With infants, these should '''only''' be used '''facing the rear'''. Harness straps should be at or below shoulder level. ...er be put in the front seat of a vehicle with a front passenger air bag. A rear-facing infant restraint places an infant's head close to the air bag module

...der children. With infants, these should '''only''' be used '''facing the rear'''. Harness straps should be at or below shoulder level. ...er be put in the front seat of a vehicle with a front passenger air bag. A rear-facing infant restraint places an infant's head close to the air bag module

...referred to as [[traction engine]]s, eventually becoming a contraction of 'traction' and 'motor') is a device intended for drawing, towing or pulling something ...also used in mud or soft dirt to control a tire that spins due to loss of traction. The operator presses both pedals together to stop the tractor. For tractor

Rear suspension = Independent suspension, push-rod activated torsion springs | Tyres = [[Bridgestone]]<br>BBS Wheels (front and rear): 13"|

...corresponds to an integrated car-control logic regarding damper set-up and traction control (ASR). In Race mode and with the ASR disengaged, there's a launch c ...kes to increase downforce at the front, deeper side sills streamlining the rear wheels and contributing significantly to improving the cars efficiency and

...out || [[Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive]] ...short) is a [[Front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout|front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive]] [[grand tourer]] produced by [[Italy|Italian]] sports car man

...Graphite-reinforced plastic|Carbon fiber]] body over carbon fiber tub with rear alloy subframe *Rear brakes: Brembo CCM (carbon-ceramic) discs w/4-pot calipers, power assist AB

...w over the load area]]. Others acheive this by a [[Rover SD1|steeply raked rear window]] - a style also known as a [[liftback]]. All liftbacks are hatchbac ...ial portion of the interior space to be used as a cargo area. Usually, the rear seat can be folded partially (for instance 1/2, 1/3 or 2/3) or completely t

...Meta mounts double bracket front shock absorbers and leveraged horizontal rear suspensions to give maximum efficiency with removing space from the boot of ...tion for off road driving; Sport has a sporty driving position with larger rear tyres than the front ones to give a very good grip on the road and Basic is

...lations. It featured a mid-mounted engine and all wheel drive for superior traction and handling. The car's 1759 cc [[four cylinder]] engine combined [[superch ...and wiglets molded into the front bumper panel, flexible front skirt, and rear deck lid wing that featured both a full [[aerofoil]] wind section twinned w

...147|147]] in the double wishbone front suspension setup and the multilink rear system. The interior is based heavily on the [[Alfa Romeo 147|147]] and uti ...with a svelte but powerful-looking shape, aggressive front end and poised rear. But Alfa's ad proclamation, 'beauty is not enough' holds true here.

...d with a “push” system for an immediate and easy opening of the trunk. The rear and front brake calipers are in red aluminium. ...ider MY 08 offer the chance to have the 3.2 litre version, with only front traction, allowing a top speed of 250 km/h.

...ushes through, this new model will be the first Pagani supercar to feature traction control. The car will also feature full active aerodynamics, replacing the * Weight distribution: 44% front 56% rear

! Suspension (rear) | rear-mounted [[Scuderia Ferrari|Ferrari 050]] [[Naturally-aspirated engine|Norma

...led this new shape in aluminium sheets. This operation lengthened both the rear end and the front. These new appendages were screwed directly onto the exis ...test, tried out other shapes until realizing that a needed to stretch the rear considerably in order to get a significant increase in speed.

Rear suspension = double wishbone, pushrod | ...steadily improved, with revised aerodynamics and an effective launch and [[traction control]] system that was implemented during the course of the season. A r

|Rear suspension || Live Axle w/Leaf Springs ...cord of over 100 km/h of [[The Jamais Content|Jamais Content]] to electric traction, while the [[internal combustion engine]] set the third record a few months

...pen cockpit, open wheel race cars that have substantial wings at front and rear, and position the engine behind the driver. The regulations governing the c ...mework; being bolted to the cockpit at the front end, and transmission and rear suspension at the back end.

...parral 2J]] "sucker car" of 1970 was revolutionary. It had two fans at the rear of the car driven by a dedicated [[two-stroke]] engine; it also had "skirts ...tion side panniers to clean up the turbulent airflow between the front and rear wheels. Both left the team shortly after and the idea was not taken further

...th the Coupé and Spyder a 48/52% weight distribution between the front and rear [[axle]]s. ...nose-diving when braking. The suspension system is completed by front and rear [[sway bar|anti-roll bars]].

...is a 4WD/AWD that powers the front via a [[viscous coupling unit]] if the rear slips.]] ...inuously) via a plain [[differential (mechanics)|differential]] and uses [[traction control]] to recover from wheel spin.]]

...ed on the technique; this article deals primarily with the sport. When the rear [[slip angle]] is greater than the front slip angle, and the front wheels a ...ys, drifting has evolved into a competitive sport where drivers compete in rear-wheel drive cars to keep their cars sideways as long as possible. At the to

...omfort" or "snow" positions, leaving the car most often in the traditional rear wheel drive layout. ...tion between this gearbox and each front wheel is via independent [[Haldex Traction|haldex]]-type [[clutch]]es, without a [[differential (mechanical device)|di

...eels, such as the outer front wheel to counter [[oversteer]], or the inner rear wheel to counter [[understeer]]. Some ESC systems also reduce engine power ...on control works by applying individual wheel braking and throttle to keep traction while accelerating but unlike ESC it is not designed to aid in steering.

...kes, wheels and tires. Aerodynamic aids are usually added to the front and rear of the cars. Regulations are usually designed to limit costs by banning so ...car racing by featuring [[front-wheel drive]], [[four-wheel drive]] and [[rear-wheel drive]] cars with smaller engines.

...eness of the high-revving, naturally-aspirated V10 engine and the superior traction and stability of permanent all-wheel drive - there has never been a super s ...along the door towards the rear and ends at the broad shoulders above the rear wheel. The triangle - like the one around the door handle - is a recurring

...the aerodynamic characteristics of the vehicle via side skirts, front and rear bumpers, adding spoilers, splitters, air vents and light weight wheels. ...ighten the vehicle through replacing bodywork components such as hoods and rear view mirrors with components made from lighter composites such as CRFP. Cor

...d of 202 miles per hour (325 [[km/h]]). As in the Countach, the Diablo was rear wheel drive and the engine was mid-mounted to aid its weight balance. ...e, including having the driver's seat molded specifically for the buyer, a rear wing spoiler, a factory fitted luggage set (priced at $2,600) and an exclus

...thereby maintaining a desirable rearward weight distribution for enhanced traction. Some shock absorbers allow tuning of the ride via control of the valve by ...to acceleration, for example the [[Citroën 2CV]] has an additional pair of rear shock absorbers that damp wheel bounce with no external moving parts. The

...|tires]] [[Pirelli]] has a more streamlined engine, a reinforced frame and rear swingarm mounts a "banana" to allow d 'have the expansions of the cylinders ...of the rear monoammortizzatore however disrupt the skills thus preventing traction to download Mamola ground all the horses, so the season is no. In 1990, the

...i chief [[Alejandro de Tomaso]] and his design staff in 1976. This was a [[rear wheel drive]] car, powered by a large V8 engine. It was important to ''de T ...0.31 [[coefficient of drag|cd]]), and featured Gandini's trademark angular rear wheel arch.

...and any cargo or luggage from damage and wear. The design of front and [[rear suspension]] of a car may be different. ...out damaging the tire during cornering. Race cars (like NASCAR) often have rear leaf springs showing signs of contact with the tire. The paint has been pol

! Suspension (rear) ...year-old chassis, the torque advantage of the V10 being cancelled out by [[traction control]], and the lack of engine development and tyre testing given to the

...two driven. There are minimum distances allowed between the wheels and the rear and front body work. ...estrictions imposed on the front and rear wings, the size and shape of the rear diffuser; from the Canadian event forward, airboxes 'notched' to reduce pow

...The body was wedge-shaped, and unusually short and wide, providing maximum traction. ...-around [[windshield]] providing maximum forward visibility with almost no rear visibility (which was unnecessary for rallying anyway). The prototype had t

...lows for better distribution of weight. This potentially increases overall traction, or grip, by moving weight away from the front and back ends of the car. Th

especially for rear axles and trailers. Freight cars (and some passenger cars like multiple-unit cars whose traction motors do not yield room on axles to allow the placement of disk brakes) ar

The C12 S features an elongated nose, flaps at the rear for improved [[aerodynamics]], and new light clusters and [[exhaust system| ...ned and manufactured by Mercedes-Benz AMG, where [[traction control system|traction control]] was added to handle the 408 kW and 553 ftlbf that this engine pro

|Rear suspension || cast titanium uprights, pushrods, carbon-fibre upper and ...Potenza<br>AVUS Racing Front: 12.0 to 12.7in x 13in Wheels<br>AVUS Racing Rear: 13.7in x 13in Wheels

...reduce the contact area, hence why 'slicks' are used in [[motor racing]]. Traction is especially important for good [[brakes|braking]]. The depth of these gr New automotive tires now also have ratings for traction, treadwear, and temperature resistance (collectively known as [http://www.t

...or give way on a turn. If the chassis were not this way, the grip of the rear wheels would exceed the grip of the fronts, and the kart would not turn in ...dry conditions a stiffer chassis is preferable, while in wet or other poor traction conditions, a more flexible chassis is better for some karts. For other cla

...ystem, fog lamps mounted in the front spoiler, discreet 4WD badging on the rear hatch, small side skirts and two raised air intakes on the bonnet (hood). T ...n to ensure that the available power was going to the wheels with the most traction at any given time, thus ensuring the most efficient use of the available po

...ducts, particularly [[marine engine]]s, [[industrial engine]]s, and [[rail traction engine]]s but has provided a wide range of civil and military engineering p *Front and rear half elliptic leaf spring suspension

...automobiles created. This system specified [[FR layout|front-engined]], [[rear-wheel drive]] [[internal combustion engine|internal combustion]] cars with [[Image:Traction avant.jpg|thumb|right|Citroën Traction Avant]]

...s are required. Advantages of individual wheel motors include simplified [[traction control]] and [[all wheel drive]], and allowing lower floors, which is usef ...motor which can drive the rear wheels when extra [[traction (engineering)|traction]] is needed. The system is entirely disengaged in all other driving conditi

...model was introduced, as a twin seater version of the 8C-35 GP racer, with rear-mounted gearbox and full independent suspension. The 8C2900A was also a rac |Layout|| Multi-plate clutch at engine, four-speed rear transaxle.

...o give more power, and changing the [[wheel]]s and [[tire]]s to improve [[traction]] and handling. Such modifications were considered to improve the appearanc ...is (usually a Ford model T or A replica), with a Jaguar (or [[Volvo 240]]) rear axel, a small block V8 and fiberglass tub, but some have been built using f

...lace the current single rear wing with two box-like wings, one behind each rear wheel. These changes are due in 2007. [http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?p * The rear wing will be moved forward by 100 [[millimetre]]s to reduce [[downforce]].

...is braking, the downward load on the front tires increases and that on the rear decreases, with corresponding change in their ability to take sideways load In steady-state cornering, front heavy cars tend to [[understeer]] and rear heavy cars to [[oversteer]], all other things being equal. The [[mid-engine

A front precise and stable, big traction and drive, [[center of mass | CG]] aerodynamic efficiency are the key word ** Rear: a bridge with two rigid leaf spring semiellittiche longitudinal and [[shoc

*[[Traction control system]]s which restore traction if driven wheels begin to spin ...diately following a collision. [[Toughened glass|Tempered glass]] side and rear windows break into granules with minimally sharp edges, rather than splinte

[[Image:F 599 009.JPG|thumb|220px|left|Rear shot]] The Fiorano will also see the debut of Ferrari's new traction control system, called F1-Trac. Reportedly tuned using inputs from 7-time [

...gon was also available with Boge-[[Nivomat]] self-levelling hydropneumatic rear suspension. The Sportwagon was marketed as lifestyle [[Station wagon|estate ...g car in its class. The car was one of the first saloons to feature hidden rear door handles and prominent front door handles to give it a coupé look. The

...weighed 22 kg (48 pounds), had brass bushings within the wheel bearings, a rear-wheel brake and 152 mm (6 inches) of trail of the front-wheel for a self-ce ...r-wheel drive design using mid mounted [[treadles]] connected by rods to a rear crank, similar to the transmission of a [[steam locomotive]]. Proponents as

...lowside]]s and the more dangerous [[highside]]s, though increased use of [[traction control]] has made highsides much less frequent. ...[[telemetry]], [[Electronic control unit|engine management systems]] and [[traction control]], [[disk brake|carbon disk brakes]], and advanced engine technolog

...82. Stoner led during the first half of the race, eventually succumbing to rear tyre wear and physical fatigue brought on by flu, resulting in a final plac ...like super glue. A combination of excellent Bridgestones, bike setup, and traction control (it audibly spluttered through the turns before picking up at the e

...the Nozzle), but it is distinguished seteticamente for the widening of the rear window and the passing of the ribbing centers them “to crest” on the ro ...dent wheels, posterior suspension to rigid axle; ''' transmission ''' with traction to the posterior wheels, change to 4 rapporti+retromarcia; ''' dimensions a

...[[Lexus RX 400h]] with 4WD-i which uses a rear electric motor to power the rear wheels negating the need for a differential. Toyota also plans to add hybri ...controlling the power delivered to each wheel, and therefore simplifies [[traction control]], [[all wheel drive]], and similar features.

...iat 126]]. The drive for a mechanically simple car was also evident in the rear suspension, which used a [[dead axle]] suspended on [[leaf spring]]s. Later ...e the Panda's "utility car" role. Examples include a 7-position adjustable rear seat which could be folded flat to make a bed, or folded into a V shape to

* Widest Rear - 1819&nbsp;mm (71.6&nbsp;in) - 1993 [[Hummer H1]] * Narrowest Rear - 521&nbsp;mm (20.5&nbsp;in) - [[Isetta]]

...his is straightforward, traditional Italian supercar practice with no ABS, traction control or any other electrical wizardry. The only concession to ease of dr

...ved the new design's superiority. By 1961, all competitors had switched to rear-engined cars. ...s started introducing electronic driver aids such as [[power steering]], [[traction control]], and semi-automatic [[gearbox]]es. Some were borrowed from contem

...e wheels are not covered, and the cars often have aerofoil wings front and rear to produce downforce and enhance adhesion to the track. ...h as hills with rocks and divots so that the vehicle has to have very good traction and fast acceleration so that they can quickly push off of the rocks and ho

...ound which they had been based for the last few years; (Active suspension, traction control and ABS) were also banned for 1994. He surmised that the cars would

...r and interior. For example, a designer might be tasked with designing the rear light clusters or the steering wheel. The color and materials designer will ...y problems: They have human drivers who make mistakes, and the wheels lose traction when braking or turning forces are close to a half gravity.

...tattoo on the Count's arm. Lippe subsequently attempts to murder Bond on a traction machine, but Bond is rescued by the attendant (whom he promptly beds); Bond ...Goldfinger (film)|Goldfinger]]''. For this film a surprise modification of rear [[water cannon]]s were used in the opening pre-title sequence, although the

...r rule change of 1994 was the banning of driver aids in the car, such as [[traction control]], in an attempt to "''humanize''" the sport, refuelling during pit ...acher had one thing on his mind: aerodynamics. The angles of his front and rear wings were set to extremely low levels, giving a high straightline speed, b

...Moss]] in the Walker team's Cooper. As the use of a modified [[Citroën]] [[Traction Avant]] transaxle was Achilles heel of the Coopers, Walker switched to a ho ...very classic tubular frame that supported the engine, the gearbox and the rear suspension wishbones. The newborn DFV suffered from frequent failures due t

...crucial year for developing the Benetton machine as electronic launch and traction controls were incorporated into their [[Engine Control Unit]] (ECU) mid way ...ationale de l'Automobile|FIA]]-imposed ban on electronic aids, including [[Traction Control]] and Launch Control. On investigation, the FIA discovered illegal