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...d appreciated in the ancient [[Rome]] of [[Pliny the Elder]], in the [[1st century]]. That bread was made with "the finest flour combined with eggs, butter an ...for making pandoro was developed and perfected, a process that required a century. The modern history of this dessert bread began at Verona in [[October 30]]

*''Villa Tittoni'' (18th century) *''Torre dei Palagi'' (19th century)

...collection is housed in the Palazzo Venier dei Leoni, an unfinished [[18th century]] palazzo which was never built past the ground floor level. In one room, t ...useum in Italy for European and American art of the first half of the 20th century.

...Florence was generally agreed to have declined greatly by the early [[18th century]], and a series of bad rulers led to a take over by the [[Holy Roman Empire ...commune was not incorporated into Tuscany until 1555, and during the 15th Century Siena enjoyed a cultural '[[Sienese Renaissance]]' with its own more conser

...t, has been found at Novilara. The northern Piceni were invaded in the 4th century BC by the [[Senones]] Gauls, and when the Romans reached the area the popul ...and destroyed by [[Vitigis]] (539) in the course of the [[Gothic Wars (6th century)|Gothic War]]. Hastily rebuilt five years later after the Byzantine reconqu

arearank = 18th | ...t of the city's history, and, with a few breaks in the 15th and early 16th century when the area was under either [[Duchy of Milan|Milanese]] or [[France|Fren

...Grand Canal]] in [[Venice]]. Today it is a [[museum]] dedicated to [[18th century]] Venice. It is one of the few palazzi in Venice, where the public can gai ...[[Palazzo Labia]], had bought their noble Venetian status in the mid-17th century following a war with [[Turkey]], when the Venetian state coffers were deple

...he [[Visigoths]] in [[507]], and plundered by the [[Normans]] in the [[9th century]]. In [[1360]] it was surrendered by the [[Treaty of Brétigny]] to the [[E ...m Taillefer]], whose descendants held the title till the end of the [[12th century]]. Withdrawn from them on more than one occasion by [[Richard I of England|

...European" ambience (such as [[Starbucks]]). By the first years of the 21st century a modified version of cappuccino was being served by the [[McDonald's]] fas ...st invariably oak) rather than being painted and gilded as in the previous century. The new mode, which coincided with the height of the controversy over ''[[

...n is named for the [[Umbri]] tribe, who settled in the region in the [[6th century BC]]. Their language was [[Umbrian language|Umbrian]], a relative of [[Lat ...ompleted on the private initiative of an engineer from Foligno in the 18th century.

...e dell’Accademia contains masterpieces of Venetian painting up to the 18th century, generally arranged chronologically though some thematic displays are evide

...d it is spoken of as one of the principal cities of [[Tuscia]]. In the 9th century, with the consent of [[Charles the Great]] and [[Louis the Pious]], it pass In the 15th century power was at last concentrated in the Baglioni family, who, though they had

...aolo is in the graveyard on the island, surmounted by a crown. In the 18th century, Sardinian lore claimed the [[sheep]] of Tavolara had [[gold]] [[teeth]]. T

...Italy|Nora]], and [[Tharros]], that were founded from [[Tyre]] in the 7th century BC. It passed with the rest of the island first to the control of [[Cartha ===11th century===

...ers were Motta, Bauli, Alemagna and Le tre Marie; at the beginning of 20th century, the name Motta was synonymous with panettone. ...tall, leavened fruitcake" makes cameo appearances in the arts : In a 16th century painting by [[Pieter Brueghel the Elder]], also as a recipe in a contempora

...the first part of Italy to be industrialized in the last half of the 19th century, the so called [[industrial triangle]] formed by the manufacturing centres In the 13 century the Lombard league and the Tuscan League opposed themselves to the power of

...ular briefly in [[Britain]] during the mid-17th century. In the early 18th century it returned to fashion, in not only England but many nothern European count ...defined by the [[Roman Empire|Roman]] architect [[Vitruvius]] and his 15th-century disciple [[Leon Battista Alberti]], who adhered to principles of [[Roman ar

...w]] by the [[constitution]]. Before the arrival of Christianity in the 1st century A.D. the country was mostly pagan and worshiped the [[Roman Gods]]. Eventua ...s of works by [[Menander]]. During the 16th century and on into the [[18th century]] [[Commedia dell'arte]] was a form of [[improvisational theatre]] , altho

...], [[Baroque]] and [[Rococo]]. [[Futurism]] developed in Italy in the 20th century. [[Image:Aldobrandini wedding.JPG|thumb|250px|''Aldobrandini Wedding'' (1st century BC) from the Vatican]]

...tion is unknown, it is known that it was already in existence in the [[3rd century BC]], for in [[218 BC]], during Hannibal's invasion of Italy, the Boii revo In the [[1st century BC]] Mutina was besieged twice. First, by [[Pompey]] in [[78 BC]], where it

...tion is unknown, it is known that it was already in existence in the [[3rd century BC]], for in [[218 BC]], during [[Hannibal]]'s invasion of Italy, the Boii In the [[1st century BC]] Mutina was besieged twice. The first siege was by [[Pompey]] in [[78 B

...y attest. [[Euboea]]n Greeks from Eretria and Chalkis arrived in the [[8th century BC]] to establish an [[emporium]] for trade with the [[Etruscans]] of the m In the sixth century the earliest Greek colony on the mainland was founded from here, on the coa

The first settlement dates probably from the 8th century BC, although the findings have not cleared if it was of [[Etruscan]] or [[G ...such attacks a [[castle]] was built on the [[seafront]]. In the late 18th century it was captured by the French who, after several clashes against Austro-Rus

Palermo was founded in the 8th century BC by [[Phoenicia]]n tradesmen around a natural harbour on the north-wester In the [[9th century]], Sicily was divided into two prefectures by the Byzantines. The two prefe

...ncient Rome|Roman]] expansion in the [[Po River|Padan Plain]] from the 3rd century BCE onwards: after centuries of struggle, in [[194 BCE]] the entire area of ...me "Lombardy" came to designate the whole of Northern Italy until the 15th century.

French leadership in European fashion may perhaps be dated from the [[18th century]], when the art, architecture, music, and fashions of the French court at [

...a [[waterwheel]]-powered [[pump]] engineered by [[Al-Jazari]] in the 13th century. The rotary motion of the waterwheel was converted into a reciprocating act ...by the [[Stirling engine]] and [[internal combustion engine]] in the 19th century. Today the most common form of reciprocating engine is the internal combust

...w]] by the [[constitution]]. Before the arrival of Christianity in the 1st century A.D. the country was mostly pagan and worshiped the [[Roman Gods]]. Eventua ...s of works by [[Menander]]. During the 16th century and on into the [[18th century]] [[Commedia dell'arte]] was a form of [[improvisational theatre]] , altho

...ty, Trento was later conquered by the [[Roman Empire|Romans]] in the first Century BC. The Romans gave Trento the name ''Tridentum'', because of the the three During the late 19th Century Trento and [[Trieste]], Italian cities still belonging to the Austrians, be

[[Image:Tiberius Bridge Rimini.JPG|thumb|300px|left|Tiberius' Bridge ([[1st century]]).]] In the sixth century BC, it was taken by the Gauls; after their last defeat (283 BC), it returne

...ar Italy]] (Sicily and Sardegna). The term first came into use in the 18th century and is an Italian rendition of ''meridies'' (Latin for 'south', because of ...r of the [[6th century]]. [[Amalfi]], an independent republic from the 7th century until 1075, and to a lesser extent [[Gaeta]], [[Molfetta]], and [[Trani]],

...nomani (Cisalpine Gaul)|Cenomani]], allies of the [[Insubres]], in the 4th century BC, it became their capital. The city became Roman in 225 BC, when the Ceno ...d the latter two times at [[Pontoglio]], and then at the Grumore (mid-12th century) and in the battle of the Malamorte(Bad Death) (1192).

...and De Mari families. It became a free town in the second half of the 15th century and spread on the Pigna hill and at San Siro, near the Cathedral. The old v The town grew bigger from the middle of the [[18th century]] onwards with the development of '''tourism''': the first Grand Hotels wer

Until the application of the [[steam engine]] to ships in the early [[19th century]], oars propelled [[galley]]s or the wind propelled [[sailing ship]]s. ...Battle of Actium]]. The use of large numbers of [[cannon]] from the [[16th century]] meant that maneuverability took second place to broadside weight; this le

...quarters. Most of the important Roman remains in Verona date from the 1st century BC, including the [[Amphitheatre]], Theatre, arches, gates and bridges. Ver ...fallen in disuse and had been built upon to provide housing. In the [[18th century]] Andrea Monga, a wealthy Veronese, bought all the houses that in time had

In the [[1st century BC|first century BC]] (probably 28 BC), the Romans created a military camp (''Castra Taurino ...0 inhabitants. Many of the gardens and palaces were built in the fifteenth century when the city was redesigned. The [[University of Turin|University]] was al

Built in 1988 and officially inaugurated on the 18th February 1990, this modern two story building houses exhibits of both racin The history of Ducati motorbikes spans more than half a century and includes many models which are still highly sought after. Whether you a

...been proposed as founders of the city. Archeological remains from the 5th century BC confirm the existence of a city at the sea, trading with Greeks and [[Ga ...plexity of its river system and its consequent ease of defence. In the 7th century Pisa helped the pope [[Pope Gregory I|Gregorius the Great]] by supplying nu

...the ancient and renowned [[University of Bologna]], founded in the [[11th century]]. In the [[4th century BC]] the city was conquered by the Boii, a Gallic tribe, whence the ancient

...n Republic|Romans]], who gave it the name of ''Mediolanum''. In the [[4th century]], at the time of the bishop Saint [[Ambrose]] and Emperor [[Theodosius I]] ...e]], and then later on by Austria (Habsburg), then given in the early 16th century to the Spanish [[Habsburg]] line to rule.

...ral parts of the cuisine but were not introduced in scale until the [[18th century]]. ...til the 19th century, the cuisine can claim roots going back as far as 4th century BC. Through various influences throughout the centuries, including neighbor

...nd this was extended temporarily even to the east, but already in the 12th century [[Gorizia]] had actually become independent and [[Trieste]], along with oth ...Region. The enlightened policy of the [[Austrian-Hungarian Empire]] in the 18th and 19th centuries encouraged an extraordinary economic flourishing, making

After French soldiers had occupied [[Turin]] at the end of the 18th century and later abandoned it to the [[Kingdom of Piedmont-Savoy]], the corps of '

...rm. This formula in this form did not even begin to be used until the 18th century, after Newton's death, but it is implicit in his laws.

...op governing laws for understanding the nature of flight prior to the 17th century. ...o a variety of air resistance experiments on various shapes throughout the 18th and 19th centuries. Drag theories were developed by [[Jean le Rond d'Alemb

...similation]], but eventually succumbed to barbarian invasions in the [[5th century]], marking the [[decline of the Roman Empire]] and the beginning of the [[M ...ry BC]]. The Etruscans apparently lost power in the area by the late [[6th century BC]], and at this point, the original Latin and Sabine tribes reinvented th

...discovery, exploration, and increase in scientific knowledge. In the 15th century, [[Portugal]] opened the age of discoveries, soon followed by [[Spain]]. Th ...] started in [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Great Britain]] in the late [[18th century]], leading to a move away from agriculture, much greater general prosperity

...self-propelled vehicles are thought to have been devised in the late 18th Century. [[Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot]] demonstrated his ''fardier à vapeur'', an exper ...ly killed road auto development in the UK for most of the rest of the 19th century, as inventors and engineers shifted their efforts to improvements in [[rail

...issetta]] district became a leading [[sulphur]]-producing area in the 19th century, but have declined since the 1950s. ...]] were born here, starting from the [[Sicilian School]] in the early 13th century, which inspired much subsequent Italian poetry and created the first Italia

...(Nové město) - the district adjacent to Old Town, established in the 14th century ...thedrals and countless church spires all in the shadow of her majestic 9th century castle that looks eastward as the sun sets behind her. Prague is also a mo

...eshing]] ''siligo'', a type of [[wheat]]. ''[[Tacuinum Sanitatis]]'', 15th century.]] ...Ages]], a period roughly dating from the [[5th century|5th]] to the [[16th century]]. During this period, [[diet (nutrition)|diets]] and cooking changed acros

...|350px|A depiction of Boetius teaching his students (1385). Boetius, a 6th century Christian philosopher, helped keep alive the classic tradition in post-Roma ...rature|Provençal poems]], such as the Marchese [[Alberto Malaspina]] (12th century), Maestro [[Ferrari Ferrara]], [[Cigala of Genoa]], [[Zorzi of Venice]], [[

...|350px|A depiction of Boetius teaching his students (1385). Boetius, a 6th century Christian philosopher, helped keep alive the classic tradition in post-Roma ...rature|Provençal poems]], such as the Marchese [[Alberto Malaspina]] (12th century), Maestro [[Ferrari Ferrara]], [[Cigala of Genoa]], [[Zorzi of Venice]], [[

...I]]''' ([[2003]]) || 0.934 ([[List of countries by Human Development Index|18th]]) – <font color="#313931">high</font> ...cal music forms can trace their roots back to innovations of 16th and 17th century Italian music (such as the [[symphony]], [[concerto]], and [[sonata]]). Som

...nonymous with speed, similar to [[Barney Oldfield]] in the early twentieth century and [[Stirling Moss]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. |Awards || named the "Driver of the Century" by the [[Associated Press]] and RACER magazine

...nal art from the past two centuries. Viennese art from the early twentieth century is well-represented in the permanent collection "Vienna around 1900 and the ...r used to be the most prominent Viennese architect at the turn of the 20th Century. Two museums are dedicated to his work. At the '''Wagner Villa''' [http://w