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...annous rule. [[Pope Adrian VI]] gave Rimini to the [[Duke of Urbino]], the pope's vicar. In 1527 Sigismondo managed to regain the city, but the following y ...he Poletti Theatre was subsequently built, was redesigned. The statue of [[Pope Paul V]] has stood in the centre of the square next to the fountain since [

...to''), who established a colony in the north in 1018-1028. Pope [[Benedict VIII]] asked the aid of the [[Repubbliche Marinare of Italy|maritime republics]] ...dinian judges", their autonomy now clear in a later letter by [[Pope John VIII]], which defined them "princes".

...lopedia'') The current name appears for the first time in a letter from [[Pope Leo III]] to [[Charlemagne]] in 813 (''iscla'' from ''insula'') though ther ...dislav Durazzo]] in [[1386]]; it was sacked by the fleet of the [[Antipope John XXIII]] under the command of Gaspare Cossa in [[1410]] only to be retaken b

...rs between [[Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Frederick II]] and [[Pope Gregory IX]] Modena sided with the emperor. ...[1288]] ([[Obizzo d'Este]]). After the death of Obizzo's successor ([[Azzo VIII]], in [[1308]]) the commune reasserted itself, but by [[1336]] the Este fam

...(among these, [[Gregory IV of Naples|Gregory IV]] and [[John II of Naples|John II]] participated at the [[Battle of the Garigliano]] in [[915]]) Naples de ...Manfred]], in [[1266]] Naples and the kingdom of Sicily were assigned by [[Pope Clement IV]] to [[Charles I of Naples|Charles of Anjou]], who moved the cap

...he papacy, scourging with his words [[Pope Celestine V]] and Pope Boniface VIII, for which he was imprisoned. ...ious confusion of society, deprived of its two guides, the emperor and the pope. The mountain illuminated by the sun is universal monarchy. The three beast

...he papacy, scourging with his words [[Pope Celestine V]] and Pope Boniface VIII, for which he was imprisoned. ...ious confusion of society, deprived of its two guides, the emperor and the pope. The mountain illuminated by the sun is universal monarchy. The three beast