Difference between revisions of "Prototypes"

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'''Prototypes''' or prototypical instances combine the most representative attributes of a category. They are the best examples among the members of a category and serve as benchmarks against which the surrounding "poorer" instances are categorized (see [[Prototype (linguistics)]]).
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#redirect [[Prototype]]
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See also: [[Categorization]], [[Semantics]]
 
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==Computer science==
 
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In [[computer science]], a function prototype is the [[declaration]] of a [[function]] or [[subroutine]]. However, in [[prototype-based programming]] (in the context of [[object-oriented programming]]), a prototype is an object that can be cloned in order to produce new objects.
 
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==Model railroads==
 
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Among [[rail transport modelling|model railroad]] enthusiasts, at least in [[North America]], actual [[rail transport|railroad]]s are commonly spoken of as "prototypes".
 
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==Scale Modeling In General==
 
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In the field of scale modeling (which includes [[model railroad]]ing, vehicle modeling, airplane modeling, military modeling, etc.), a prototype is the real-world basis or source for a scale model - such as the real EMD GP38-2 locomotive, which is the prototype of [[Athearn]]'s (among other manufacturers) locomotive model.  Technically, any non-living object can serve as a prototype for a model, including structures, equipment and appliances, natural wonders (like trees), and so on, but generally prototypes have come to mean full-size real-world vehicles including automobiles (the prototype 1957 Chevy has spawned many models), military equipment (like M4 Shermans, a favorite among US Military modelers), railroad equipment, motor trucks, motorcycles, airplanes, and space-ships (real-world like Apollo/Saturn Vs, or the ISS).
 
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There is debate whether 'fictional' items can be considered prototypes (like Star Wars or Star Trek starships, since the feature ships themselves are actually models or CGI-artifacts); however humans and other living items are never called prototypes, even when they are the basis for models and dolls (especially - [[action figures]]).
 
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==Automobile racing==
 
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Cars from the premier tier of international [[sports car racing]] are informally called 'Prototypes'. Unlike [[Grand tourer|GT]] cars, which are road-legal cars modified for racing, Prototypes are designed purely for track use. The overall winners of multi-class events like [[24 Hours of Le Mans|Le Mans]] are usually Prototypes. Examples of Prototypes include the [[Porsche 917]] and [[Audi R8]].
 
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[[Category:Industrial design]]
 
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[[Category:Production and manufacturing]]
 

Latest revision as of 09:46, 26 October 2009

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